Gentian violet (usually referred to as basic violet 3, also known as crystal violet or methyl violet) is a very important triphenylmethane dye and chemical with a wide range of applications.

The main uses of gentian violet are as follows, divided into several aspects:

1. Traditional dyes

This is one of its most primitive uses.

·Textile dyeing: used to dye fibers such as silk, wool, cotton (usually requiring mordants), etc., presenting a rich purple color.

·Coloring paper and leather: used to dye paper and leather products.

·Ink manufacturing: It is one of the components used to manufacture ballpoint pen ink, printer ink, and seal ink.

2. Biology and medicine (as dyes and reagents)

This is a very important field of scientific application.

·Gram staining: In microbiology, crystal violet is one of the key components of Gram staining. This staining method is used to distinguish between Gram positive bacteria (stained purple) and Gram negative bacteria (stained red), and is a fundamental technique for bacterial identification and classification.

·Histological staining: In pathological and biological research, it is used to stain animal tissue sections to observe cell nuclei and certain cellular structures under a microscope.

·Antibacterial and insecticide agents: Due to their antibacterial and antifungal properties, they have been used in the past for:

·Treating water mold and parasitic infections in fish tanks.

·As an insect repellent and disinfectant for poultry and livestock.

3. Industrial use

·Dye intermediates: used as raw materials for synthesizing other chemicals.

·Analytical chemical reagents: used as indicators or detection reagents in certain chemical analyses.

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